Higher doses of BAL invariably cause adverse effects. Chronic arsenic toxicity results in multisystem disease. . When arsenic is being referred to as a poison, it is 'white arsenic' or arsenic trioxide, or any of the other poisonous compounds of arsenic being talked about. Arsenic trioxide is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Metallic arsenic is non poisonous if ingested because it is not absorbed. Acute arsenic poisoning is associated initially with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhoea. Experiments in vitro showed that As2O3 induced the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4 to downregulate . As expected, toxic side effects were observed in the majority of patients given long-term As 2 O 3 , including skin pigmentation and keratosis, cirrhosis, polyneuritis, and gastrointestinal problems. How it works Arsenic works by speeding up the death of leukaemic cells and encouraging normal blood cells to develop properly. Encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy are reported. Chemical name : diarsenic trioxide, arsenic trioxide CAS No : 1327-53-3 Product code : LC11505 Formula : As2O3 Synonyms : Arsenous acid / Arseni c (III) oxide / Diarsenic trioxide 1.2. . Arsenic trioxide | As2O3 | CID 14888 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety . The estimated adult daily intake of arsenic from a typical diet is 12-50 mcg. This drug is formulated as a sterile, injectable solution of arsenic trioxide. Groundwater can contain inorganic arsenic in the form of arsenite or arsenate, in which arsenic is bound to oxygen atoms. A 19th-century pharmacist compounds medicines, including opium, cocaine, and arsenic, for customers. Temporarily withhold arsenic trioxide.Arsenic trioxide can cause QTc interval prolongation, complete atrioventricular block and torsade de pointes, which can be fatal. Gastric lavage was performed, but most of the poison remained as a mass in his stomach. Arsenic is a deadly poison identified as the cause of acute poisoning in suicide, homicide, and accidents. arsenic trioxide synonyms, arsenic trioxide pronunciation, arsenic trioxide translation, English dictionary definition of arsenic trioxide. arsenic poisoning: (As) [ ahrs-nik ] a chemical element, atomic number 33, atomic weight 74.92. Is arsenic white? The odorless and tasteless properties of most arsenic compounds make them attractive poisons [ 5 ]. If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Is arsenic trioxide safe? Arsenic is a traditional poison that has a history extending back into ancient times, as a medicinal agent, a homicidal poison and more recently in deliberate and unintentional self-poisoning. In the past, arsenic was also used in rat poisons, ant poisons and weed killers. P310 - Immediately call a poison center or doctor/physician P363 - Wash contaminated clothing before reuse P405 - Store locked up . Its therapeutic use in leukaemia was described a century ago. Arsenic is a deadly poison identified as the cause of acute poisoning in suicide, homicide, and accidents. Arsenic - more properly arsenic trioxide - is a highly poisonous white powder. 9 In this department, As 2 O 3 was used by hematologists in the 1950's for the treatment of a variety of leukemias. Arsenic is a deadly poison identified as the cause of acute poisoning in suicide, homicide, and accidents. MedlinePlus Information on Arsenic Trioxide - A lay language summary of important information about this drug that may include the . We report two cases of acute poisoning with an unwettable formulation of arsenic trioxide. 1) BAL and succimer are chelating agents used as antidotal therapy for arsenic toxicity. Arsenic was a common way of tampering with the natural line of succession, and it was so effective, a plague of poison swept across the wealthy nations of the world for centuries. Arsenic is a type of carcinogen that's gray, silver, or white in color. Menu. toxicdetoxeducation 729 followers View profile toxicdetoxeducation While its use as a human poison has greatly declined, arsenic is still used as an herbicide, particularly in growing cotton, and as a wood preservative. Library of Congress, LC-DIG-PPMSCA-25463. The side effects of arsenic harming can be intense, or extreme and prompt, or ongoing, where harm to wellbeing is capable over a more drawn out period. Arsenic has a notorious history in regard to its use as a fatal poison and was commonly termed as the poison of the kings and the king of the poisons [1]. Symptoms are dose dependent and can be delayed. Encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy are reported. Arsenic poisoning from well water Arsenic trioxide is a chemotherapy drug and is also called Trisenox or ATO. Arsenic is used to manufacture weed killers and insecticides. In the early 1990s, several clinical trials showed that ATO was of benefit in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), with complete responses observed in 70%-90% of newly diagnosed patients and 90% of patients with . According to the American Cancer Society, arsenic trioxide is used to treat leukemia. Arsenic is very reactive and can interact in many forms. dehydration. Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia. Arsenic is a deadly poison identified as the cause of acute poisoning in suicide, homicide, and accidents. Today, poisons using arsenic are rare; the last person to be convicted of using arsenic as a poison was Marcus Marymont, a US sergaent, who in 1958 used white arsenic to poison his wife. To date, only 3 cases of Q-T prolongation above 500 millisecond (ms) have been reported. We report two cases of acute poisoning with an unwettable formulation of arsenic trioxide. Poisoning with arsenic, can raise lactate levels and lead to lactic acidosis. Arsenic is a traditional poison that has a history extending back into ancient times, as a medicinal agent, a homicidal poison and more recently in deliberate and unintentional self-poisoning. Define arsenic trioxide. Arsenic trioxide is an amphoteric oxide, and its aqueous solutions are weakly acidic. (The LD 50 of Arsenic Trioxide is 16 mg/Kg). Arsenic, in the form of white arsenic trioxide, was a highly favored poison, being odourless, easily incorporated into food and drink, and before the advent of the Marsh test, untraceable in the body. Arsenic in cells clearly stimulates the production of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). Arsenic trioxide is used to treat a cancer of the blood and bone marrow called acute promyelocytic (pro-MYE-loe-SIT-ik) leukemia, or APL. Old agricultural soils may contain high levels of arsenic resulting from its former agricultural uses. Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia. As2O3, used in insecticides, rat poisons, weed killers, pigments, and preservatives for hides and wood. Experiments in vitro showed that As2O3 induced the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4 to downregulate bcl-2 expression, as well as to undergo apoptosis. Arsine (AsH3, a gaseous hydride of arsenic trioxide) is the most toxic of all the arsenicals. Production and Uses Asarco study area; click to open the EPA webpage on the study Arsenic-based compounds are currently used to treat some forms of cancer. The Medicis and the Borgias, both papal families, rode to power on the coattails of . It's not understood exactly how it . Call a poison control center. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Some studies show that it can send cancer to remission and thin the blood. Arsenic Trioxide - 1 - Section 1 - Chemical Product and Company Identification MSDS Name: Arsenic Trioxide Catalog Numbers: LC11505 Synonyms: . Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is very potent as a single agent against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Airborne arsenic particles can be inhaled and they can travel long distances in the air. It is a treatment for a type of acute myeloid leukaemia called acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). Chemotherapy uses arsenic like arsenic trioxide in some patients with cancer. a) Data is limited . Arsenic poisoning, or arsenicosis, occurs after the ingestion or inhalation of high levels of arsenic. Arsenic as a pure element would not be as poisonous as it cannot be absorbed by the human body in significant amounts. There are no evidence based treatment regimens to . It is highly toxic in its inorganic form. In Victorian Britain grocery stores sold tea, biscuits, sugar, flour, rice, and arsenic. What most people mean by arsenic is the compound arsenic trioxide, known in the 1800s as white arsenic. Wood engraving, published in 1893. arsenic poison stock illustrations. Arsenic trioxide is the primary material used to produce all arsenical compounds, and is used as an intermediate for insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, as a wood preservative, a decoloring and refining agent in the manufacture of glass, and a textile mordant. These may include: sluggishness Physicians would apply powered arsenic to wounds and skin lesions, often with fatal outcomes. Acute signs and symptoms of arsenic trioxide systemic toxicity following oral exposure include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, cerebral edema, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, hypovolemic shock, coma, and even death. Chronic renal insufficiency from cortical necrosis has also been reported. Arsenicals have gained importance for having remedial effects for various diseases from syphilis to cancer thus highlighting its role as a therapeutic agent even though it has been labelled as a potential 'poison'. It is less soluble in acids, although it will dissolve in hydrochloric acid. which is formed by the methylation of arsenic trioxide, which is highly pungent and toxic compound. Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia. As little as 1-2.5 mg/kg of arsenic trioxide is a potentially fatal dose. The Main Advantages that Arsenic-Containing Poisons Offer a Poisoner are: All Arsenic compounds are HIGHLY TOXIC. . Arsenic is a natural component of the earth's crust and is widely distributed throughout the environment in the air, water and land. Arsenic poisoning, or arsenicosis, happens when a person takes in dangerous levels of arsenic. Arsenic is considered to be a heavy metal, and arsenic toxicity shares some similarities with poisonings by other heavy metals. Arsenic can react in acidic media, in basic media and even form fat-soluble organic compounds. [3] Newsletters Search. After the operation, he developed ventricular fibrillation. Arsenic. In nature it occurs usually as one of its salts; in human environments it is often a pollutant in mining regions, and is used in dyes, household . Add to that the fact that the main symptoms of arsenic poisoning . . Learn more about Arsenic Trioxide (Trisenox) at EverydayHealth.com. Arsenic is capable of causing renal effects. Definition from the NCI Drug Dictionary - Detailed scientific definition and other names for this drug. Arsenic is a well documented human carcinogen affecting numerous organs. A total gastrectomy was also performed to avoid intestinal perforation and arsenic poisoning. This ability to alter cells can be useful in treating cancer. Arsenic is a trace element that occurs naturally in very small amounts in the diet. deciency. People are exposed to elevated levels of inorganic arsenic through drinking contaminated water, using contaminated water in food preparation and irrigation of food crops . The systemic toxicity occurring in severe acute arsenic poisoning may include acute tubular necrosis with acute renal failure. Toxicity from natural sources of arsenic is rare except from . (Trisenox), call your doctor or the Poison Control center (800) 222-1222. Since then, arsenic compounds, primarily arsenic trioxide (ATO), have had a resurgence as chemotherapeutic agents. Arsenic trioxide, meriting the name of "inheritance powder", is the one that historically has been used as a lethal poison. Arsenic is a deadly poison identified as the cause of acute poisoning in suicide, homicide, and accidents. A harmless-looking powder, resembling flour or sugar at a quick glance, white arsenic is virtually undetectable in hot food and drink and fatal in small doses. Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia. PDF | Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been used medicinally for thousands of years. Though a poison, arsenic trioxide is also used in cancer treatments. Q-T prolongation is a well known and expected effect of arsenic trioxide treatment. Warnings Humans have exploited its toxic properties in weed killers, fungicides and insecticides, especially in vineyards, apple orchards, and cotton and tobacco fields. It is ubiquitous in our environment and it is a potent neurological and liver toxin as well as a lung, bladder and skin carcinogen. Its exact functions are not known. Organic arsenicals contain arsenic (either trivalent or pentavalent) linked to a carbon atom by a covalent bond. Arsenic trioxide - definition of arsenic trioxide by The Free Dictionary . It is available in 10 mL single-use ampules, each of which contains 10 mg arsenic trioxide. Symptoms of Arsenic Poisoning. Acute arsenic poisoning is associated initially with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhoea. Arsenic poisoning symptoms can be severe, acute, immediate, or chronic. Arsenic has a long history as a poison- a rodent poison in particular - and great lore as a homicidal agent. Arsenic is a natural semi-metallic chemical that is found all over the world in groundwater. Arsenic is a substance that has been well known to both the 'healer' and the 'poisoner' throughout history. Arsenic poisoning is a medical condition that occurs due to elevated levels of arsenic in the body. (See Appendix 6.) [28] With anhydrous HF and HCl, it gives AsF3 and the trichloride: [25] As2O3 + 6 HX 2 AsX3 + 3 H2O (X = F, Cl) Arsenic and its various forms have been in use in ancient Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years. Thus, it dissolves readily in alkaline solutions to give arsenites. . Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia. 3 Kwong YL, Todd D. Delicious poison: arsenic . 1. Before administering arsenic trioxide, assess the QTc interval, correct electrolyte abnormalities, and consider discontinuing drugs known to prolong QTc interval. It had little or no flavour - Robert Christison, daredevil toxicologist, had put some on his . Introduction. When the H 2 O 2 reacts with Fenton metals such as iron, it produces a highly reactive hydroxyl radical. 1) INTRAVENOUS ROUTE . Unicorn in . As a poison, arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3) has several desirable qualities: it looks like sugar and is tasteless, and only a fraction of a gram can kill an adult. View complete answer on pmj.bmj.com. Signs and symptoms of arsenic poisoning include. Today, an injectable drug made with arsenic trioxide utilizes arsenic's destructive power to target leukemia cancer cells. Inorganic Arsenic trioxide found in ground Arsenic trioxide is currently registered as a noncrop herbicide; however, there is no known usage at this time. No deaths due to cardiac arrhythmias have been attributed to Trisenox. More About Arsenic Trioxide. Arsenic is a deadly poison identified as the cause of acute poisoning in suicide, homicide, and accidents. This old drug was reintroduced into new medicine by Chinese studies on APL treatment and rapidly approved by the FDA for relapsed cases. BAL: Symptomatic patients unable to tolerate oral medication should be treated with BAL 3 to 5 mg/kg/dose IM every 4 to 6 hours. Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia. The dose and frequency depend on the degree of toxicity seen. Arsenic trioxide may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. Health Conditions A-Z. It was very cheap, a by-product of metal industries, and ordinary Victorians could buy it from their local chemist, or even their grocer, as poison for rats and mice. ARSENIC POISONING Dr. Badar Uddin Umar MBBS, M.Phil (Pharmacology) 2. Arsenic trioxide is sometimes given in combination with another medicine called tretinoin. It is toxic by inhalation or ingestion, and carcinogenic (see arsenic poisoning ). 1., 2., 3. By the Middle Ages, arsenic had gained a reputation as the "king of poisons" and the "poison of kings.". Arsenic is. . Abstract In a suicide attempt, a 54-year-old man ingested arsenic trioxide. Arsenic trioxide is used today as a treatment for some types of leukaemia, and is given intravenously as a low concentration solution due to its toxicity. Unregulated for much of the 19th century, arsenic was available to everyone, including the young and the murderous. Drinking such water can pose a serious health risk, as has been demonstrated in Bangladesh where . Arsenic trioxide, or white arsenic (which most people mean when they refer simply to arsenic), is a very different proposition. nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dark urine, and. 0 Methods of Application: Rodenticide baits are applied where rats, mice, moles and gophers are seen. Periodic Table Classification Group 15 Period 4; State at 20C: Solid: . WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE . Arsenic trioxide poisoning: a description of two acute overdoses Arsenic is a traditional poison that has a history extending back into ancient times, as a medicinal agent, a homicidal poison and more recently in deliberate and unintentional self-poisoning. Trivalent arsenic, better known as arsenic trioxide, is the active ingredient in Trisenox at a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. An individual who has gulped arsenic may give indications and side effects inside 30 minutes. For example, Napoleon may have been poisoned by arsenic-tainted wine that was served to him in exile [ 7 ]. PROPERTIES OF ARSENIC (AS) It is a heavy metallic inorganic irritant poison Inorganic arsenic compounds are poisonous: Arsenic trioxide, sodium arsenite, arsenic sulphide, copperarsenite, etc. Thankfully, progress in science and medicine now allows for the successful use of arsenic in medical treatments. a poison, arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has several desirable qualities: it looks like sugar and is tasteless, and it only takes about a tenth of gram to kill someone. . This will regularly rely upon the technique for introduction. The ability of arsenic, specifically arsenic trioxide, to treat acute . Arsenic is used as a pesticide primarily to preserve wood from rot and decay. Arsenicum Album Arsenic trioxide can cause a condition called differentiation syndrome, which affects blood cells and can be fatal if not treated. [1] Arsenic trioxide is used as an antineoplastic agent in promyelocytic leukemia.1., 2., 3. To the Editor: Lately, arsenic trioxide (As2O3 ) has been described in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Arsenic poisoning has been a common method of homicide since the Middle Ages. Arsenious oxide, commonly known as white arsenic, is obtained as a by-product from the roasting of the ores of copper, lead, and certain other metals as well as by the roasting of arsenopyrite and arsenic sulfide ores.. Is arsenic trioxide a poison? As an insecticide it is used in bait stations and as an antifoulant it is applied by painting. Its toxic effects are distinct because it is inhaled, rather than absorbed through the skin or gastrointestinal tract. [6] If arsenic poisoning occurs over a brief period of time, symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, encephalopathy, and watery diarrhea that contains blood.
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